Energy Audit

What is an energy audit?

By Anne Fonda

If you’re interested in saving money on your energy bills, you might want to start with an energy audit. Also known as a home energy audit, an energy audit examines how efficient (or inefficient) your home is.

A trained auditor inspects and analyzes your home and systems to identify trouble spots that may be needlessly increasing your energy consumption (and therefore your utility bills).

When should I get an energy audit?

There are three main times to schedule a home energy assessment, including:

  • You have exceedingly high heating and/or cooling bills.
  • You’re in the market for a new HVAC system.
  • You’re choosing between homes to buy/just bought a new house.

Why get an energy audit?

A professional home energy assessment can identify areas of wasted energy, health and safety issues, and suggest solutions for solving those problems. A more energy-efficient home will save you money on your energy bills in the long term. Efficient homes are also more comfortable and provide greater control over indoor air quality.

How much does it cost for a home energy audit?

Depending on where you live and your income, you may be able to get a basic home energy assessment performed for free. It may also cost you several hundred dollars – but the recommendations you get can be well worth the cost. You may also be eligible for an energy tax credit under the Inflation Reduction Act of 2022 (IRA) that can help you pay for the energy audit as well as some of the recommendations.

Google “energy audit near me” and see what comes up. Your electric company may offer them for free to customers. Your state energy office may have a searchable database of approved companies near you.

The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) is another good source. They recommend an energy audit completed by an independent home energy auditor with professional credentials recognized by the DOE.

How is an energy audit done?

A house energy assessment starts with your hiring and scheduling with your chosen energy auditing firm. There are three parts to an energy audit: Home assessment, data analysis, and recommendations.

Home assessment

Using a variety of tools and tests, the energy auditor will inspect your home’s energy use and energy loss.

The residential energy audit should include:

  • Conduct a blower door test and use infrared imaging to find where indoor air is escaping and outdoor air is entering.
  • Analyzing your most recent year’s electric and gas (if applicable) bills to determine your base energy consumption.
  • Asking you questions about your home’s problems and how your home operates.
  • Explaining the audit process to you and answering your questions.
  • Conducting an exterior inspection of the home’s foundation, walls, windows, roof, and chimney if applicable.
  • Perform a health and safety inspection, including checking smoke detectors and carbon monoxide detectors.
  • Perform an interior visual inspection to include your fireplace, attic, basement, crawl space, utility room, and all interior spaces. They may use a camera on a pole to see hard-to-reach spaces.
  • Assess your electrical system and electrical panel for safety concerns.
  • Inspect and test combustion appliances such as furnaces, boilers, gas stoves, and water heaters.
  • Perform any additional inspections or testing as necessary.

Data analysis

Using computer software, the energy auditor will plug in the information they gleaned during the home assessment. They may show you infrared imaging so you can see where cold or hot air is entering your home.

The data analysis will show where the biggest problems are and what efficiency improvements you should tackle first for the biggest impact.

Recommendations

The final step is making recommendations for changes and upgrades to your home and systems to help achieve higher energy efficiency and stop wasting energy. According to the DOE, you could save anywhere from 5% to 30% on your energy bills by making the energy-efficient upgrades recommended in your home energy audit.

Energy efficiency measures to take based on the data analysis can include, but are not limited to:

  • Sealing cracks and gaps around doors and windows
  • Adding insulation to the attic, garage, or crawlspace
  • Upgrading wiring or your electrical panel (or both)
  • Repairing or upgrading your natural gas furnace, water heater, or stove
  • Upgrading your HVAC system, possibly to a heat pump system or dual fuel heat pump system
  • Sealing and insulating ductwork
  • Repairing or upgrading electric appliances
  • Addressing excess moisture and water vapor issues
  • Making roof or chimney repairs
  • Door and window replacement with more energy-efficient models
  • And more, depending on your specific home

The good news is that there are federal energy tax credits that can help you pay for these upgrades through the year 2032. The IRA has tax credits and heat pump rebates that can help offset the cost of increasing your home’s energy efficiency so that you can reduce energy usage and save on energy costs for years to come. Variable speed and multi-stage heat pumps are especially complimentary with insulation and air sealing projects.

Work with HVAC pros you can trust

American Standard dealers are ready to partner with you to find the most energy-efficient HVAC system that fits your needs and your budget. Learn about HVAC energy efficiency terms before you make any decisions.

But even the most energy-efficient system won’t perform as well as it could if you have poor insulation and drafty doors and windows. Consider getting a home energy audit and making some upgrades before you invest in a new HVAC system.


Anne Fonda, Content Writer

A Content Writer with Trane Technologies, Anne Fonda researches topics and writes for Trane® and associated residential HVAC brands. She works in collaboration with Trane Technologies subject matter experts, offering easy-to-understand, informative content on complex topics. Her goal is to help consumers make informed decisions on the products and services they need. 

She has written for HVAC and other service provider websites for over 16 years. Before transitioning to web content writing, Anne had a 14-year stint as an award-winning journalist. She graduated cum laude from the University of Missouri-Columbia School of Journalism. When she’s not working, Anne enjoys playing word games, reading, gardening, spending time with family, and visiting gardens and museums.

Expert review by Josef Hejda, Electrification Commercialization Leader 

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